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An expectant mother-to-be sifts through online pictures of prospective adoptive parents for the baby she plans to relinquish at birth.
An attorney sends an email to a pregnant teenager he meets on a chat board, describing his clients -- a married couple worn out by the disappointment of multiple rounds of in vitro fertilization -- and the lavish house and top-notch pre-natal care they will provide for her if she agrees to place her baby with them.
An 11-year-old girl born in Oregon and adopted by a couple in Florida begins corresponding on Facebook with her brother by birth, her adoptive parents unaware she is doing so.
Here are just three of countless examples of how the Internet, for better and for worse, is permanently changing the face of adoption.
So says "Untangling the Web: The Internet's Transformative Impact on Adoption," a report issued last year by the Evan B. Donaldson Adoption Institute, whose executive director Adam Pertman spoke with me in advance of his keynote at the Barker Foundation’s 19th annual adoption Barker Foundation conference, held in Washington, D.C. on April 13.
Indeed, the web’s power to connect all members of the adoption “triad” -- which refers to the adopted person, birth parents and other relatives, and the adoptive parents -- is unprecedented and unquantifiable, Pertman says. The Internet's impact on this ancient social institution is vast.
Adam Pertman says adoption lawyers, laws, and participants must be aware of the Internet's impact on all parties in the process.
Consider both domestic adoption, in which a parent or couple adopts a child from the same country as the one in which they live, and international adoption, in which an adoptive parent in one country brings home a child born in another land, often China, South Korea, or other so-called “sending countries.”
While the majority of domestic adoptions today are open -- in that birth and adoptive family members develop, either informally or through legal means, a framework by which the adopted person will have contact with her birth relatives -- social workers or attorneys facilitating such adoptions may position them as “closed.” Perhaps they seek to soothe the nervous adoptive parent, who worries the child’s allegiance to them will be tested as she forms a bond with her birth mom or dad.
Yet in the Internet age, this view is naïve, Pertman says: “I think it is unethical to tell any expectant parent -- adoptive or biological -- that they can take part in a closed adoption, because with the Web, you can’t know that.”
Every day, birth children and birth parents initiate searches via Facebook and other social media, he adds. Every day, the repercussions of those searches ripple across the relationships behind the timelines and the Twitter feeds.
In the same way, international adoptions are also getting reshaped. Adoption-related news -- such as recent information pertaining to Russia’s rapidly changing policies around international versus domestic adoption -- is instantly accessible to more adoptive parents and prospective adoptive parents than ever before, and adoption chat rooms light up whenever a country tweaks its laws or starts suggesting it will. Adoptive parents can purchase the foods of their child’s birth countries online. If and when -- and just as with domestic adoptions, that’s skewing more toward when -- families locate birth relatives of their Chinese or Ethiopian children, they might reach the point where they email or Skype these family members and friend them on Facebook. Geographical barriers fall, and the very definition of “family” might become a bit more malleable.
While Pertman applauds greater transparency around adoption, long “shrouded in secrecy and shame and mystery,” he says the Institute is using “Untangling the Web” and ongoing research to help instigate changes. To name a few:
- Adoption agencies must prepare birth and adoptive parents for what search-and-reunion made possible by the web might mean for all parties
- Attorneys specializing in adoption cases need clear legal guidelines to follow when reaching out to birth and/or adoptive parents
- States have to adjust the laws on their books to reflect some new realities, as Utah just did when it legal barred adoption agencies and employees from providing false or misleading information, for example.
“We wanted to raise people’s awareness of some of the issues,” Pertman says. “No one had ever looked at that landscape before.”
Related posts:
— Amy Rogers Nazarov writes and blogs about technology, adoption, and cooking for outlets ranging from Cooking Light to The Washington Post to American Food Roots. You can find her on Twitter @WordKitchenDC and Facebook.
Thinkernetter
Friday April 26, 2013 1:51:30 PM
Hi nasimson:
Isn't that the wild card! I know adoptive parents who supported their child through a troubled search-and-reunion, and other adopted persons who immediately felt a strong bond with their birth parent they had just met and went on to build a strong, sustained friendship. The range of reactions to the sudden arrival of someone from the past - the baby relinquished and now all grown up, the birth mother once known only in a photo - make clear just how powerful the removal of search barriers fostered by the Web can be.
Glad you commented!
Thinkernetter
Friday April 26, 2013 1:48:02 PM
Hi DavidSilversmith:
Indeed there could be a potential range of outcomes when members of the adoption triad - adoptees, birth parents, adoptive parents - tap into the web of social media. One might learn their birth father lives one town over - yet when "pinged" on Facebook expresses doubt that the person contacting him could possibly be his biological offspring. Or somebody might learn that their birth mother or grandmother died of cancer - which could be useful information or devastating information depending on the context. Or, a birth parent might reach out to an adoptive parent seeking to form a relationship with the adopted child, which might initially startle all concerned but in the end develop into a bond stronger than anyone might have anticipated. The possibilties are, as they say, endless.
Thank you for chiming in.
Thinkernetter
Friday April 26, 2013 1:41:31 PM
Hello Mashka:
Among the majority of adopted persons is a hunger for any scrap of information related to their origins.
When some prospective adoptive parents [PAP] receive a referral, they often get detailed information about the birth parents, from their height and weight to how many drinks a woman consumed while pregnant to the number of their siblings and their occupations. In other cases, a PAP receives nothing but a photograph of the child, who may have been abandoned.
As children in each of these scenarios grow up, they often seek to make sense of their beginnings, their traits, their quirks. I know a woman in her 40s now who was adopted as an infant. Only recently has she located and found her birth parents, but it's given her a great sense of connectedness and peace to understand some of her body characteristics (she is quite tall, while her adoptive parents are not) and temperament (she believes she can now point to the origins of her famous stubborness). For her, finding her birth parents and weaving them into her adult life has helped her lay specific questions to rest.
Thanks for the comment.
Thinkernetter
Friday April 26, 2013 1:33:20 PM
Hi Mr. Roques:
Yes, there is that fine line that adoptive parents must walk: sharing age-appropriate information with the child as his grasp of what adoption becomes more sophisticated while managing, as best they can, some of the complex emotions that this disclosures will give rise to. "Why didn't my mom want me?" or "Why didn't you give my birth mom money so she could take care of me?" are two of the tricky questions that have been put to friends of mine by their <adopted> children.
Appreciate your comment.
Thinkernetter
Friday April 26, 2013 5:39:47 AM
@mashka
I think they should not, because this will give them nothing but pain and depression. The best policy,in my opinion,that should be adopted by the adoptive children, is to move on and enjoy the relations they are having right now and just forget about the ones who had forgotten them once.
IQ Crew
Wednesday April 24, 2013 11:57:24 AM
@nasimson:
I think they might become grateful to their adoptive parents after they realize that they have been given a chance by their adoptive parents to lead a better life. Once, that realization kicks in the gratefulness tends to start.
IQ Crew
Wednesday April 24, 2013 11:55:37 AM
@nasimson:
I would second you here. I think adoption is a very sensitive issue and a one liner wouldn't solve problems. What I think is that it takes time for people to adjust and probably time is the most important factor.
Researcher
Tuesday April 23, 2013 1:27:13 PM
@nasimson
Ok, skip the I love you part, stick to we have no idea, who your parents are
And may be..may be.. the adoption organisations shouldn't give the names of the parentsm should they?
Thinkernetter
Monday April 22, 2013 9:07:50 AM
" I also understand is hard for a new family to explain to a child what adoption is, and for it to not have a negative impact on him (he might feel unwanted because his original family didn't want him, etc)"
Or he might also become more grateful of his adoptive parents to hold his hand at the time when his own biological parents left him for any reason.
This is something about which you can't predict the reactions of an adopted child.
Thinkernetter
Monday April 22, 2013 9:03:55 AM
"Why don't just say- sorry, we have no idea who are your biological parents, we love you. The conversation is over. Sorry"
And do you really think Mashka that this answer of yours would be good enough to satisfy their disturbed souls and that they will hug you back and reply "I love you too"!! I don't think so,It won't be that easy unless a child is gallant enough to accept the realities!
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