A couple of studies -- issued years apart -- project that the Internet and information and communication technology (ICT) can have a bigger impact in reducing CO2 than either carbon taxes or cap-and-trade systems. The surprising element in each study is the degree to which the Internet and ICT might contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gases.
The first indication of the importance of the Internet and ICT in reducing CO2 emissions was an economic modeling study done by Dr. Yuji Inoue, president and CEO of The Japanese Telecommunication Technology Committee. He presented the results of this study at the ITU Summit on Green IT in Kyoto this past April.
Dr. Inoue demonstrated that it is possible for Japan to reach 90 percent of its Kyoto Protocol targets strictly through the application of ICT. As with all economic forecasting models, there are lots of untested and unproven assumptions, and this study is no different. But even if the application of Dr. Inoue’s models only results in 50 percent, or even 25 percent of the Kyoto targets, this is still a very significant development.
Another study that indicates the significance of Internet and ICT was published by the European Commission Joint Research Centre in August 2004 and titled "The Future Impact of ICTs on Environmental Sustainability." This report estimates that ICT can reduce CO2 emissions by as much as 20 percent, but this is partially offset by the increased energy use of ICT itself, which grows 5 percent.
In both reports, it is assumed that the biggest contribution to reducing CO2 emissions by Internet and ICT is through “virtualization” or “de-materialization” of existing physical products and services.
For business and universities, this means implementing the virtualization of all their existing computers, databases, and laboratory equipment. This involves using grids, clouds, or “virtual” instances of the same equipment at zero-carbon data centers located at distant renewable energy sites.
For consumers, this means delivery of movies, music, books, and other products as electronic equivalents delivered over broadband networks. Replacing power-hungry PCs and printers with solar-powered PDAs or similar devices is also essential. It also means the development of new incentive and reward programs using electronic products and service to reward consumers to reduce their carbon footprint in other aspects of their daily life -- from driving the car to heating or cooling the home.
By adopting the measures laid out in both of these studies, there is no reason why the Internet and ICT industry cannot be zero-carbon in the next few years through the deployment of zero-carbon networks, data centers, and applications.
— Bill St. Arnaud, telecommunications analyst and frequent speaker on the future of the Internet and broadband
when DIY manufacturing takes off we can go even greener with plans being downloaded to sites where you can manufacturer an object right next to its consumer.
I researched what you mentioned about the H3 being less expensive than a hybrid and found the actual report done by CNW Marketing Research.
The report has some flaws but at the moment it was release it made sense. It showed the "dust-to-dust" energy or cost - as they refer to it - of the planning, manufacturing, selling, driving and disposing of a list of cars.
The Prius came out as being more expensive than the H3 - but it's mostly because of the manufacturing cost, that we can assume will go down as production numbers increase.
The actual numbers were $1.949/mile for a H3 Hummer and $3.25 for the Toyota Prius.
Other considerations have to be made about how these green solutions are produced and manufactured. I may be speaking out of turn but there's probably less hazardous materials in making an incandescent light bulb versus a compact flourescent (mercury) or an LED (gallium arsenide).
The selenium cells used for photovoltaic arrays are not without a production concern as well.
I remember a sound bite that it was less of an environmental impact to produce a Hummer than it it was a hybrid. Not sure of the quality of that sound bite but it is a consideration. Lets make sure we aren't creating new problems to eliminate old problems.
Theoretically, I think it's not possible to become carbon-positive, maybe carbon-neutral. But in practice we certainly can go a long way towards that goal - seeing how far we currently are from it.
But we, as a society, have yet to embrace that idea - simple facts I see everyday like leaving your computer on after you go home makes no sense! having offices at 60F temperature, what's the need? having a hybrid car is not your ticket to heaven - there are many, many other things to work on.
My question: Do you think this can implemented in near future? For example to run movies stored at zero emission data centers far away one not only needs powerful CPUs/GPUs rather some sort of data interface (modem etc) as well. Even if the input to these is solar energy these might still produce emissions.
Exactly, sometimes when I'm home I try to change some parameter for my wireless network, wirelessly, and soon I see myself out of the network. Sometimes you just have to be there.
Thank you for stating the obvious flaw with telecommuting, someone has to do physical work sometime.
My job is maintaining computers, networks and process control machinery. I've heard one concept after another that was going to give our plant a "lights out" processing environment. It hasn't happenned and it probably won't.
I wish I could repair my "network" from home, its awfully expensive running a 3 shift 7/24 maintenance department.
I agree that telecommuting is a great way to reduce CO2 emissions, for various reasons. But it's not that easy, first there are jobs that right now can't be done effectively from home (maybe the technology is too expensive).
Second, companies should give an incentive or some help to the employee to prepare a work environment at home (so that the only place available isn't in the couch in front of the tv).
Third is the fact that many companies have made a huge investment in real estate and having the "perfect" work environment, should they abandon it? what if they need to meet a couple days a month?
Those are things we should take into account, but I think that overall the pros overcome the cons.
I couldn't agree more with you Bill, actually I've been thinking about it. The most interesting thing is about virtualization.
Basically, VPS, in conjunction with
internet can enable people work from home (reducing commute emissions),
give rest to many personal computers at homes -which download or upload
data from and to internet 24/7- thus reducing idle capacity of many
computers to none.
So what I propose here is that every house
should have a dumb terminal that connects to broadband internet with a
powerful server at the end that serve thousands, maybe hundred of
thousands people. These servers, enable people to do their job at home,
collaborating using teleconference, and many more. With this scheme,
actual reduction of CO2 emissions can be achieved.
The aspect of giving people incentive (rebate, discount and free options for example) is good. One might hope that there is enough incentive for people to want to do the right thing whether they directly benefit or not. In other words that “for the children of our children’s children and future generations beyond”, would be enough incentive. For many this however may not, so the aspect of giving people further incentive is good and may help the planet in other ways at the same time (e.g., create more oneness and perhaps even somehow contribute to growing peace and financial security for all). Creative means of helping all to rally around a major planetary crisis may generate various positive waves that increasingly help address other realities that could also be referred to as a crisis. Increasing the intensity around climate stabilization may help in various ways to increase stabilization intensity for the home we call earth.
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