After a year of stellar growth, crowdsourced OpenStreetMap (OSM) looks nearly ready to take on heavyweight competitors in the digital mapping arena. Developers and businesses should take note.
Founded eight years ago, OSM is a digital atlas compiled and updated entirely by volunteers. With more than a million registered users, half of whom signed up in 2012, according to Carl Franzen at the TPM Idea Lab, OSM is experiencing record growth that positions the service to take on digital map giant Google Maps in enterprise use.
Some heavy hitters have already embraced OSM. Foursquare announced OSM integration in February 2012. In April 2012, Wikipedia switched to OSM as well. Apple, which had been using OSM “in its iPhoto app without proper attribution,” according to Franzen, began crediting OSM in May 2012. And in August 2012, Craigslist began embedding OSM maps in housing ads in several markets.
What lies behind the defections? Cost is a major factor. Foursquare admitted that “the new Google Maps API pricing was the reason we initially started looking into other solutions.” In 2011, Google Maps began to monetize its once-free API, first requiring that apps using the API display ads, according to this Google Geo Developers blog post, and then moved to a usage-based fee schedule for commercial licensing.
In contrast, OSM’s data is free. Users are only required to “credit OpenStreetMap and its contributors” and make any alterations or additions to the original maps available under the same open license, per OSM’s Copyright and License page. This policy is unlikely to change within the next couple of years either, Franzen quotes Simon Poole, chairman of the OpenStreetMap Foundation, as saying.
So what are OSM’s drawbacks? As with any crowdsourced dataset, thoroughness and accuracy are two major concerns. These concerns moved to the forefront when Apple ditched Google Maps in favor of OSM and other maps for Apple Maps on iOS6. Apple Maps quickly became notorious for glitches, errors, and omissions, leading some to conclude that dropping Google Maps had been a mistake. OpenStreetMap Foundation board member Richard Fairhurst responded to the criticisms with a tweet that shifted the blame for faulty US and UK mapping onto TomTom.
OSM still has some distance to cover before it can match Google Maps in quality and completeness, as even Poole seemed to admit. Franzen quotes Poole as saying: “I would expect OpenStreetMap in the U.S. to be comparable to Google in a period of one to two years.”
If OSM’s recent growth continues, however, it is on track to match Google Maps soon. “Washintgon, D.C.-based startup Mapbox, using a half-million dollar grant from the Knight Foundation, is working to improve OpenStreetMap’s editor user interface, to make it easier and more appealing for the next million users,” Franzen writes. The easier OSM is to edit, the faster it can catch up to Google Maps and solidify its position as a unique competitor in the digital mapping market.
If OpenStreetMap stays on course, it will develop into an excellent alternative to costly map providers. Several major tech companies have already banked on OSM. Will yours? Let us know your thoughts in the comments.
— Jude Chao is a writer who specializes in technology, education, and marketing.
Google sure has a lot of resources, but major parts of their maps are crowd sourced. Same is the case with open street maps. The street view is goig to be a problem though but it can also bee solved through croud sourcing.
Given the very nature of maps and the ever-changing landscae of the world, I think it's fairly understandable that we can't really have a map that's 100% accurate. I agree with the observation that few, if any, can really complete with Google Maps. It just seems like Google is in the lead because they have a vast wealth of resources and tools to make their maps what it currently is.
and wasn't all that impressed, but of course things changed.
And yes, as I've mentioned elsewhere, I do wonder about people deliberately screwing around with crowdsourced things, as other posters mentioned. Yes, it is good to be able to ground-truth some of these things; I recently visited a friend in Oakland, who lives next to a staircase, but because it has a name some mapping systems tell people to drive down it, so she has to give explicit directions to people. (Google has it correct because people can submit corrections.)
I do wonder, do they have any fake streets that help determine whether someone stole their data, like paper maps do?
And, like trying to research something in a Wikipedia article that's the subject of a war, how do you handle people changing things while you're in the middle of a drive to somewhere?
Although roads can be identified through appliying different algorythms on satellite imagery but to name them and giving more details to the map you always need to send your teams for survey or get help from locals. No matter how big Google is, they cant visit all over the world to get that information.
You can use Google Map Maker to add information to the map.
Google starts out offering most of their products for free, then when adoption hits a certain point they monetize. That's part of their business. They take the risk by getting in the game, and at some point they want to make money. It can be jarring to customers though, who don't really understand how Google works. I think that this is a struggle they will continue to balance now that they are huge.
I was not even aware that Google had user submitted maps in parts of the world! Sounds like your experience is that crowdsourced maps leave much to be desired.
Overall your point on accuracy and opinions of vendors is an interesting one in our new globally connected world. Too many of us, myself included, write US centric as if the whole world followed that pattern.
I think OSM's core community will evolve a fairly stringent policing mechanism.
@Jude Chao, I agree with you. Stringen policing mechanism is the only way by which OSM can make sure the data uploaded is accurate or not. I think the data uploaded by the users should be reviewed by the person/panel which is handpicked by the OSM team. They can either allow or remove the update based on the accuracy of the data.
I donk know why people think that google maps are accurate.
@Usman, google maps may not be 100% accurate but no other maps can match the quality and completeness of google map. You are right that many inputs to the maps are user submitted but those inputs are scrutinizeed by many other users which reduces the possibility of error.
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